A Philosophical Analysis of Serving Humanity in the Light of the Objectives of Shari'ah

Abstract

This paper attempts to analyse the objective of serving humanity with regard to the objectives of the Shari'ah (Maqasid al-Shari'ah). Maqasid al shariah is the higher aim and basic reasons behind rulings and principles of Islamic law, essentially the welfare, dignity and protection of human kind. These objectives were traditionally grouped under five classes (protection of religion, life, intellect, lineage and property). In recent times, however, such principles have been expanded to include justice, equality, human rights and social welfare. This study through a reflective and conceptual approach, investigates into how Shari’ah is not a mere collection of legal injunctions but a holistic framework that aims towards human welfare and balance of the society. This shows that every ruling in Shari’ah is in fact aimed to benefit individuals and communities, to prevent harm, and structurally to establish an order that is balanced, just and compassionate. The paper also deals with the philosophical theories of human welfare and moral responsibility and contrasts them with Islamic points of views to demonstrate the universality and timelessness of the Maqasid al-Shari’ah. Religionally, it contends that service of humanity is a religious obligation with a moral necessity in Islam, and is deeply rooted in the legal and ethical structure of Shari'ah. This study utilizes these dimensions to make a contribution to contemporary debates on how religion is used for promotion of human welfare, and to provide a philosophical validation of the humanitarian spirit of Islamic law. It appeals to a reconsideration of the role Shari'ah principles play in actually dealing with modern social issues while still respecting their original purposes.

Keywords: Maqasid al-Shari'ah, Human Welfare, Islamic Law, Service of Humanity, Philosophy of Shari'ah, Moral Responsibility, Social Justice