”بکھرتی دنیا “ و” اُداس نسلیں “کا نو آبادیاتی و تناظرتی مطالعہ

Abstract

Within the framework of historical criticism, it is acknowledged that while numerous elements come into play, it remains essential to consider the historical, political, social, economic, and cultural context of the age to which a literary work belongs. The study of colonialism, therefore, can only be meaningfully undertaken by keeping all these factors in view. Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Abdullah Hussain’s Udaas Naslain serve as powerful testimonies to the excesses and exploitations of imperialism. In this reading, a critical and research-oriented analysis of both novels is presented with particular attention to colonial elements and narrative techniques. The central aim of this study is to highlight how the construction of characters, their psychologies, and the collective condition of society reflected the distinctive hues of the colonial era on the socio-cultural canvas.

Keywords: Colonialism, Imperialism, Historical criticism, Things Fall Apart (Bikharti Dunya), Udas Nasleen, Abdullah Hussain